*RTS Vapes does not offer any medical advice. This is an opinion based post
Just the other day I was looking for some e-cigarette
studies to read, and first search result from Google was a recently updated
post from the American Lung Association®. The title of this post “American
Lung Association Statement on E-Cigarettes”, I was intrigued. I began reading and the more I read, the more
aggravated I became. While some of the statements cannot be refuted, the lack
of any data being provided and zero references given immediately turned me off
to the post. So I resumed my hunt for a peer-reviewed, scholarly work (the only
kind recognized in the scientific community). The next article I came across
was a review article in the Journal for Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety
titled “Safety evaluation and risk assessment of
electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review”
written by Konstantinos E.
Farsalinos and Riccardo Polosa. This is a very thorough review published in
April 2014 that goes into length about the article selection process for
articles that were included in the review. It has everything that a good
article should from analytical data to over one hundred references. In this
post I will touch on just a few of the points from the review regarding the
safety of e-cigarette use.
In 2013 the World
Health Organization stated that there are nearly 6 million deaths annually as a
direct result of tobacco cigarette use, with a predicted death toll of 1
billion in the 21st century. A 1992 report from the EPA revealed
that a conventional cigarette contains more than 4000 chemicals and carcinogens
present in the smoke emitted. Then in 1993 a study by Pryor and Stone revealed
that each puff from a cigarette contained more than 1 x 1015 free
radicals. If you are having trouble visualizing what that number looks like,
let me help: 1,000,000,000,000,000. One fallacy that is being promoted by Big
Tobacco and physicians is that nicotine is a carcinogen. According to the World
Health Organization – International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2004,
nicotine is not classified as a carcinogen and does not promote lung disease.
Nicotine intake through Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs) has been
demonized in the eye of the public by the media, even though it has been shown
that nicotine intake may have beneficial effects in treating some disorders.
Studies that have shown this beneficial effect are:
Disease Studied
|
Author(s)
|
Year the Study was
Published
|
Parkinson’s
|
Nielsen et al.
|
2013
|
Depression
|
McClernon et al.
|
2006
|
Dementia
|
Sahakian et. al.
|
1989
|
ulcerative Colitis
|
Guslandi
|
1999
|
Another public fear
is that electronic cigarette users will overdose on nicotine. This very
unlikely for vapers since three different studies by Farsalinos et al. 2013, Nides et al. 2014, and Dawkins and Corcoran 2013 have all shown that the
amount consumed and actually absorbed is quite low. In 2013 a study done by
Etter et al. tested 20 e-liquids and
found that the actual nicotine levels were off by about 20 % above and below
the labeled amount. I believe the root of this problem goes back to some
nicotine suppliers not testing the strength of the nicotine that they are
selling to the customer to ensure accuracy and quality. That is why here at RTS
Vapes we test every batch of flavorless liquid nicotine before the product is
bottled to ensure that it meets the US Standard for Weights and Measures. With
that said, this goes back to the studies mentioned before that it is unlikely
to overdose because vapers much like smokers self-titrate their nicotine
intake. For example I vape all day at 3 mg/mL, but if someone gives me a bottle
that is 6 mg/mL I notice that I do not pick up my mod as much throughout the
day.
Going back to the
post that sparked this blog post, they talk about tobacco-specific nitrosamines
(TSNAs), formaldehyde, and benzene trying to scare the public without even
giving a reference. A study done by Cahn and Siegel in 2011 reported that the
amount of TSNAs were similar to those found in pharmaceutical NRTs. The best
study done on TSNAs in e-liquids was performed by Kim and Shin in 2013. They
evaluated 105 liquids and found that on average the liquids contained 12.00
ηg/mL. The daily exposure to these chemicals by smokers (with an average of 15
cigarettes per day) is estimated to be up to 1800 times higher when compared to
e-cigarette users.
There is so much
more information in the article that I cannot relay in a blog post, so please
give the article a read and post in the comments below with your thoughts or
questions.
By: Joshua Sheffield, Chemist at RTS Vapes
*RTS Vapes does not offer any medical advice. This is an opinion based post